Flood

A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land which is normally dry. It occurs when water levels in rivers, lakes, or other bodies of water rise above their banks, typically due to excessive rainfall, rapid snowmelt, or dam failure. Floods can vary in size and duration, from minor urban flooding affecting a street to catastrophic events that cover extensive regions, displacing communities and damaging infrastructure. Flooding can lead to significant environmental and economic impacts, affecting agriculture, homes, and ecosystems. Floods are classified into several types, including flash floods, river floods, coastal floods, and urban floods, each characterized by different causes and characteristics.